Computer Security

This is the era of IT, computer are used in almost every field. We cannot imagine world with out computers. Computer store valuable data and information which can be destroyed  or damaged by different factors. The loss of data and information may create a serious problem as well as may have high loss for users and organizations. To protect valuable information and hardware components from such destructive events we should apply certain security measures to computer system.

What are the concerns of computer security?

Computer Security is concerned with four main areas:
1. Confidentiality:- Only authorized users can access the data resources and information.
2. Integrity:- Only authorized users should be able to modify the data when needed.
3. Availability:- Data should be available to users when needed.
4. Authentication:- are you really communicating with whom you think you are communicating with

Why is computer security important?

Prevention of data theft such as bank account numbers, credit card information, passwords, work related documents or sheets, etc. is essential in today’s communications since many of our day to day actions depend on the security of the data paths.
Data present in a computer can also be misused by unauthorized intrusions. An intruder can modify and change the program source codes and can also use your pictures or email accounts to create derogatory content such as pornographic images, fake misleading and offensive social accounts.
Malicious intents can also be a factor in computer security. Intruders often use your computers for attacking other computers or websites or networks for creating havoc. Vengeful hackers might crash someone’s computer system to create data loss.
Above factors imply that your data should remain safe and confidential. Therefore, it is necessary to protect your computer and hence the need for Computer Security arises.

Before data security was not very popular so most people's idea of computer security focus on physical machine. Traditionally computer facility have been physically protected for 3 reasons:

1. To prevent theft or damage to hardware
2. To prevent theft of or damage to information
   
3. To prevent disruption of service

computer security is a wide concept that includes almost any software or hardware that is designed to prevent the loss or theft.

In word the protection given to the computer for the hardware, software, data and information form begin lost or damaged due to accidental or intentional harm is known as computer security. It is also known as branch of computer technology or information security or cyber security as applied to computer and network. Protecting computer system and its resources is a complex process which includes policies, tools and techniques. The objective of computer security includes protection of information and property from theft, corruption or natural disaster, while allowing the information and property to remain accessible and productive to its intended users.

there are two security measures through which we can protect our computer system

Hardware security

Hardware plays a very important role or proper functioning of our computer system. Therefore hardware security is essential for protection of all physical parts of computer system. Hardware security is the protection given to the various hardware tools and equipment used in computer system from the accidental and intentional harm. simply it is known as the protection of components of computer system. It is very common can can be prevented if sufficient preventive measure is taken against them.Some of the common hardware security measures are are follows:

1. Regular maintenance of computer hardware: We should regularly maintain our hardware and software components and we should keep the computer in up- to-date condition.
2. computer should be placed on Dust free and cool environment: We should put computer in clean places.We should put computer in the AC room maintaining the temperature of 21-24 degree Celsius. 
   
3. to protect computer from thieves we can put computer in grill window room and we can also do computer insurance
4. To protection form fire we can put fire sensor in room and we can also put fire extinguisher. 
5. Most importantly computer should be supplied constant power supply. Generally due to power fluctuation our computer gets damages so we should use power protecting device like volt guard, UPS, Volt stabilizer, spike guard etc to protect our computer.
   

Software Security

Software security should be an important area of concern every organization or computer user. The loss of very important and valuable software or programs can cause a serious problems to the owners. It is very costly  and difficult to recover these important program if it is corrupted or destroyed.So software security is important for any organization as well as every computer user. Securing data and program from being lost or damaged due to accidental or intentional harm is known as software security. There are various software security measure to protect data and software stored in computer system.

1. using password to avoid unauthorized access
2. keep the backup copy of important data or software
3. use antivirus software and update frequently
4. use firewall to prevent virus
5. De-Fragment you hard disk to access data faster and optimize your PC
   
6. Use scan disk know that condition for you overall file and hard disk condition