Computer System

In this blog you will learn about:

• Computer system
• Input Unit
• Processing Unit
• Output Unit
• Storage Unit

Computer system is a basic ,complete and functional computer, including all hardware and software required to make it functional for any user. A computer system does the following operations:

1. obtain data/ instruction(programs)- INPUT
2. Process data based on the instruction/ programs -PROCESS
3. obtain the final result as meaningful information for the user- OUTPUT

Computer system consists of four main parts:

1. Computer Hardware
2. Computer Software
3. Data
4. User

computer system consist of input unit, processing unit , output unit and storage unit. When such unit are connected with each other to achieve common objective it is known as computer system. A combination of different hardware and software that work together to process data according to the instruction given by the user in other to produce desire information is called computer system. Computer system consists of 4 unit which are Input unit, Processing unit, output unit and storage unit.

Computer system performs 5 major function

1. It accepts data(instruction through input)
2. It stores data
3. It can process required data by the user
4. It gives results 
5. It controls all function inside the computer

fig: Block diagram of computer

Input Unit:The input unit of computer system is used for entering data and instruction to computer. This unit is main interface between user and computer hardware to provide data and instruction to computer. Data and instruction given to computer is input and device used for giving input is called input devices. Different input devices read different from of input and convert them into binary code. Keyboard, Mouse, joystick, light pen, scanner , Bar code reader , Mic etc. are example of input unit. There are some important features of input devices which are given below:

1. The input devices receive or accept the data or instruction from the user, who exist in the outside world,
2. These devices convert the data or instruction into the machine-readable form for further processing.
3. The input devices performs like the connection between the outside world and our computer system.

Processing Unit:

Processing unit is the main unit of computer system that receives data and instruction form input unit and process those for desired results. This unit is responsible for processing and controlling the entire operation of computer system. The unit is responsible for processing and controlling the entire operation of computer system. This unit is popularly known as CPU(Central Processing Unit). It is divided into three section according to the task they perform. They are

• Arithmetic Logic Unit(ALU)
• Control Unit(CU)
• Memory Unit(MU)

Arithmetic and Logical Unit is the part of CPU which performs arithmetic and logical operations. ALU performs arithmetic operation such as addition, subtraction , multiplication, division etc and logical operations such as AND, OR NOT, > ,< ,>=,<=,< >,= in logical decision.

Control unit manages the various components of computer. It also controls and coordinate all devices, memory, input - output devices connected to the CPU. CU fetches instruction from memory, decodes it and then interprets the instruction to know the order of task to be performed and send suitable control signals to the other components to perform the steps to executes.

Memory Unit is used to store data and instructions before and after processing, in a simple way we can say that it is where all the data intermediate and find results are stored. Memory Unit used to hold the instructions to be executed and data to be processed.

Click Here to learn more about computer memory

Processor Resisters

Processor resisters are located inside the processor and are therefore directly accessed by the CPU. Each register stores a word of data (which is either 32 bit or 64 bit).CPU instruct ALU to perform various calculations or other other operations on this data.

Output unit delivers information from computer to external device . The output devices produce or generate the desired result according to our input. These devices converts the data into a human readable form binary code. Simply this unit is the main interface to provide the desire result to user. These device have various features given below:

• This device receive or accept data in digital form
• output device convert the binary code into human readable form
• This device produce converted result and so to the user

Storage unit is another memory device for computer that store more information permanently for future references. Data and program are stored in secondary storage device. The process of transferring of program from the secondary storage to computer memory is known as loading program. The computer has many types of data storage devices. Some of them can be classified as the removable data storage device and other a non removable data storage device. Hard disk , floppy disk , flash drive are the most common types of storage device in computer.

Data

Livewire is term used to describe the human system. Programmers, system analyst, operational staff and other personal working in computer are examples of livewire

units of memory

bytes , GB and all

computer word

group of bits representing data or instructions that forms basic information unit of computer

word may be 32,64 bit or more

more bit is better