Concept of Program Design Tools

In this blog we will learn about

  • Programming tools in planning
  • Algorithm  and it rules
  • Flowchart and its symbols
  • Drawing different shapes
  • use of programming for development of a program
Program is a set of instructions. Most common programming tolls are Algorithm and flowchart. Programming Language is the language which is used to write programs in computer. eg. QBasis, C, C++, python, dart, java,etc Program is develop using programming language such as QBASIC, C ,C++ etc. 
Computer Programming is process of designing, writing, testing, debugging and maintaining the source code written in a particular programming language. A person who is involved in different process of computer programming is called programmer. Programming language is an artificial language used to write instruction that a computer can understand to do what the user wants

What is SDLC? Write different phase of SDLC?
Software Development Life Cycle(SDLC)
SDLC is acronym of Software Development life cycle. It is the process used by software industry to design high quality software. Simply it is the systematic process of developing any system. It consists of detailed plan describing how to develop, maintain, replace and test software.This life cycle defines a methodology for improving quality of software and overall development process.
Following figure is the graphical representation of various stage or phase of SDLC.
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fig : phase or stage of SDLC

 The different phases or stages of SDLC are as follows:
  1. Planning and analysis
  2. Defining requirements
  3. Designing
  4. Building
  5. Testing
  6. Deployment and maintenance 
1. Planning is the most important and fundamental stage in SDLC. All the technical and financial aspect are plan in this process. Software industry will be doing different analysis regarding the feasibility of project along with planning in this phase or stage.

2)Defining requirements  is another important stage in SDLC. Once planning and requirement analysis is done the next step is to clearly define and document(SRS-Software Requirement Specification document) of the product and get them approved from the customer or market analysis. software industry collect and define data and information required to develop that project or software.

3)Designing is most creative and challenging steps in SDLC. Here software is designed using different tools such as algorithm, flowchart, Pseudo Code , Decision table and Data flow diagram. This process maily concerned with UI/UX( User Interface and user eXperience)

4)Building is phashe where actual devleopment starts and the product is build. The actual coding starts here.

5)Testing is the process of making sure that the program is free of error or bug. In this process the product defect are reported, tracked , fixed and retested until the product reaches the quality standards.

6)Deployment and maintenance is the process after testing. After product is tested it is released formally i.e. product is available for the customer. As the software is released based on feedback of user again software is maintained.

Algorithm

Algorithm is a step by step process of doing any task. Some of the rule to write a good algorithm are as follow:
  1. Algorithm shouldn't use the programming language
  2. it should be simple, complete, sequential and step-wise.
  3. an algorithm should be helpful to understand problem
  4. An algorithm should have a finite step or it should be short and sweet 
some examples of Algorithm

Algorithm for making black tea

step1: Start
step2: Go to kitchen
step3: take electric kettle
step4: Put the required amount of water
step5: Turn on the switch of kettle ,Put some tea and sugar
step6:Put the tea in cup
step7:stop

Algorithm to enter computer's zoom class:
step1:start
step2:open zoom application
step3: click on join meeting
step4: put jidesh sir's ID in the place to keep id
step5: click on join meeting
step6: enter password popup will come put the password there and click on ok
step7: wait for Jidesh sir to admit
step8:stop

Flowchart
Flowchart is pictorial representation of step by step task.


Symbols

Name of Symbols

Meanings





Start/Stop

(terminal box)

This is used in the beginning and end of the program


 

Input / Output box

This is used to input and output operation in a flowchart




             

 

Processing Box

Used for different process, formula and function or calculating values












 

Decision box

 

Yes or no /(true or false)



 

connectors

 

Join 2 or more flow chart



 

Flow lines

 

Direction of flow of program

Assignment 
What is algorithm and flow chart? What are  rule to write a good algorithm ?
Write algorithm and flow chart to join computer class in zoom meeting.



Pseudo Code is another tools for designing program in which we begin to write the step necessary to do the task with short English statement. It is not a real program but it gives models and even looks like programming code. Pseudo code uses plain English statement rather than symbol to represent the process of computer program. Computer doesn't recognize this code because they are not written in programming/computer language. The main advantage of writing a pseudo code is that a programmer fully can concentrate on developing logic of problem without worrying about syntax because pseudo code does not have any particular syntax rules for writing instructions, once the pseudo code is ready one can easily convert it into a program using a particular programming language.

Pseudo code to check whether input number is odd or even

START
ask the number A
IF A MOD 2 = 0 THEN    
    DISPLAY Even number
ELSE    
    DISPLAY Odd number
END IF
STOP


Pseudo code to calculate area of rectangle
START
Ask=breath and height
    Area= 1/2((Breadth * Height)
Display area
STOP


























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